Macro photography, also called and knows as photo-macrography or macrography, is extreme close photography usually of very small or medium sized objects, in which the size of the object is greater than life size or other things near-by the object.
By some definitions, a macro photograph is one in which the size of the object is greater or more focused than the object's environment or its near-by objects. To get more information on the technical requirement of camera's and mathematical ratio of the zoom to the object, there are n number of sources available on internet, primarily Wikipedia.
Due to advances in sensor technology, today’s small-sensor digital cameras or the one's embedded in smartphones, can rival the macro capabilities of a DSLR with a “true” macro lens, despite having a lower reproduction ratio, making macro photography more widely accessible at a lower cost, in the cost of an smartphone.
In the digital age, a "true" macro photograph can be more practically defined as a photograph with a vertical subject height of 24 mm or less, which likely to be dependent of camera and the specification allotted by the manufacturer of camera.
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History:
The term photo-macrography was proposed in 1899 by W. H. Walmsley for close-up images with less than 10 diameters magnification, to distinguish from true photo-micrographs which were produced by DSLR's.
Technical Requirements:
To get an absolute and close to true macro image, certain technical recommendations and requirements are needed to be satisfied while capturing a picture. Out of few, 2 of the important ones are listed below:
1. Depth of Field
2. Lighting
1. Depth of Field:
Limited depth of field is an important consideration in macro photography. Depth of field is extremely small when focusing on close objects. This requires either a slow shutter speed, brilliant lighting, or a high ISO. Auxiliary lighting (such as from a flash unit), preferably a ring flash is often used to capture macro picture. Compact digital cameras and small-sensor bridge cameras have an incidental advantage in macro photography due to their inherently deeper depth of field.
2. Lighting:
The problem of sufficiently and evenly lighting the subject can be difficult to overcome. Some cameras can focus on subjects so close that they touch the front of the lens. It is difficult to place a light between the camera and a object that close, making extreme close-up photography impractical. A normal-focal-length macro lens can focus so close that lighting remains difficult. These are popular as they permit sufficient distance for lighting between the camera and the subject.
However, a smartphone is capable of lighting the object at once using the flash. But the only disadvantage of such flash option is that, the intensity of the light emitted from the flash can't be controlled and may ruin the originality of the photograph.
Evolution of Macro Photography:
Macro photography has been used widely all over the world by photographic enthusiasts, which gives a different texture to the picture quality. As a smartphone user, i prefer macro photography to give an amazing impression to all the viewers and the macro zoom isn't that good as the DSLR has.
But, using tools like Instagram or other picture editing tools, one can give a different and innovative texture to his/her clicked photographs. Here is one of my captured image, how you will like it.
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